Basic Predefined Subprograms

• Type Conversion
  
  • From Integer
    
    • intreal - integer-to-real function
    • intstr - integer-to-string function
  • From Real
    
    • ceil - real-to-integer function
    • erealstr - real-to-string function
    • floor - real-to-integer function
    • frealstr - real-to-string function
    • realstr - real-to-string function
    • round - real-to-integer function
  • From Nat
    
    • natreal - natural number to real function
    • natstr - natural-number-to-string function
  • From String
    
    • strint - string-to-integer:function
    • strintok - string-to-integer:function
    • strnat - string to natural number function
    • strnatok - string to natural number function
    • strreal - string-to-real function
    • strrealok - string-to-real function
  • To/From ASCII
    
    • chr - integer-to-character function
    • ord - character-to-integer function
• Maximum Numbers
  
  • maxint - maximum integer function
  • maxnat - maximum natural number function
  • minint - minimum integer function
  • minnat - minimum natural number function
• Math
  
  • abs - absolute value function
  • arctan - arctangent function (radians)
  • arctand - arctangent function (degrees)
  • cos - cosine function (radians)
  • cosd - cosine function (degrees)
  • exp - exponentiation function
  • ln - natural logarithm function
  • max - maximum function
  • min - minimum function
  • sign - function
  • sin - sine function (radians)
  • sind - sine function (degrees)
  • sqrt - square root function
• Strings
  
  • index - find pattern in string function
  • length - of a string function
  • repeat - make copies of string:function
• Enumerated Types
  
  • pred - predecessor function
  • succ - successor function
• Files
  
  • eof - end-of-file function
• Arrays
  
  • lower - bound
  • upper - bound
• Random Numbers
  
  • rand - random real number procedure
  • randint - random integer procedure
  • randnext - procedure
  • randomize - procedure
  • randseed - procedure
• Time
  
  • clock - millisecs used procedure
  • date - procedure
  • sysclock - millisecs used procedure
  • time - time of day as a string procedure
  • wallclock - seconds since 1/1/1970 procedure
• Sound
  
  • play - procedure
  • playdone - function
  • sound - statement
• System
  
  • delay - procedure
  • fetcharg - fetch argument function
  • getenv - get environment function
  • getpid - get process id function
  • nargs - number of arguments
  • system - statement
• Parallel Port
  
  • parallelget - parallel port function
  • parallelput - parallel port procedure
• Mouse
  
  • buttonchoose - switch mouse modes
  • buttonmoved - has a mouse event occurred
  • buttonwait - get a mouse event procedure
  • mousewhere
• Character Graphics
  
  • cls - clear screen graphics procedure
  • color - text color graphics procedure
  • colorback - background color procedure
  • colour - text color graphics procedure
  • colourback - background color procedure
  • locate - procedure
  • maxcol - maximum column function
  • maxcolor - graphics function
  • maxcolour - graphics function
  • maxrow - maximum row function
  • setscreen - graphics procedure
  • whatcol - cursor position function
  • whatcolor - text color graphics function
  • whatcolorback - color of background function
  • whatcolour - text color graphics function
  • whatcolourback - color of background function
  • whatrow - cursor position function
• Pixel Graphics
  
  • cls - clear screen graphics procedure
  • color - text color graphics procedure
  • colorback - background color procedure
  • colour - text color graphics procedure
  • colourback - background color procedure
  • drawarc - graphics procedure
  • drawbox - graphics procedure
  • drawdot - graphics procedure
  • drawfill - graphics procedure
  • drawfillarc - graphics procedure
  • drawfillbox - graphics procedure
  • drawfillmapleleaf - graphics procedure
  • drawfilloval - graphics procedure
  • drawfillpolygon - graphics procedure
  • drawfillstar - graphics procedure
  • drawline - graphics procedure
  • drawmapleleaf - graphics procedure
  • drawoval - graphics procedure
  • drawpic - graphics procedure
  • drawpolygon - graphics procedure
  • drawstar - graphics procedure
  • locate - procedure
  • locatexy - graphics procedure
  • maxcol - maximum column function
  • maxcolor - graphics function
  • maxcolour - graphics function
  • maxrow - maximum row function
  • maxx - graphics function
  • maxy - graphics function
  • setscreen - graphics procedure
  • sizepic - graphics function
  • takepic - graphics procedure
  • whatcol - cursor position function
  • whatcolor - text color graphics function
  • whatcolorback - color of background function
  • whatcolour - text color graphics function
  • whatcolourback - color of background function
  • whatdotcolor - graphics function
  • whatdotcolour - graphics function
  • whatrow - cursor position function
• Character Input
  
  • getch - get character procedure
  • getchar - get character function
  • hasch - has character function
• Concurrency
  
  • empty - condition function
  • getpriority - function
  • setpriority - procedure
  • simutime - simulated time function
• Addresses and Sizes
  
  • addr - address of a variable
  • sizeof - size of a type
• Bit Manipulation
  
  • bits - extraction
• Classes
  
  • objectclass - of a pointer
  • self - pointer to current object
• Type Cheats
  
  • cheat - type cheating