Help with shooting

mike200015 · **Posted:** Sat Apr 30, 2005 3:13 pm

im working on an addition to my blockout game, when you press space, bullets shoot from the paddle, and i want them to destroy 1 block and then dissapear, and i want rapid fire.

I did this so far, but i'm not sure how to get more bullets going at the same time, right now when you press Space, 1 bullet goes, and when you press Space again, the bullet dissapears and another one shoots.
I think i have to do something with flexible arrays, but not quite sure what exactly.

Heres the code:

Turing:

type block :
record
x : int
y : int
hits : int
end record
%type bulletvars :
% record
% x : int
% y : int
% hits : int
% end record
var xvalue : int := -15
var yvalue : int := 0
var blocks : array 1 .. 156 of block
var colours : array 1 .. 10 of int := init (40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130)
var blockcol : array 1 .. 156 of int
%var bullet : array 1 .. 100 of bulletvars
var chars : array char of boolean
var shoot := true
var ballx := maxx div 2
var bally := 15
var pos := maxx div 2
var xmod := 1
var ymod := 1
var tries := 3
var score := 0
var font3 := Font.New ("Courier New:10:bold") %All other font
var keyPressed : string (1)
var bulbutton := chr (ORD_SPACE)
var bulletx : int := 0
var bullety : int := 8
setscreen ("graphics:640;400,title:Mikes X-Treme Pong Game,nocursor")

process bulletfire
loop
% for x : 1 .. 50
Draw.FillOval (bulletx, bullety, 3, 3, 43)
bullety += 1
delay (40)
% end for
exit when whatdotcolour (bulletx, bullety + 3) not= 0
end loop
end bulletfire

for i : 1 .. upper (blocks)
blocks (i).hits := 0
end for
%for i : 1 .. upper (bullet)
% bullet (i).x := pos
% bullet (i).y := 10
% bullet (i).hits := 0
%end for

loop
cls
for i : 1 .. 156
randint (blockcol (i), 1, 10)
end for
setscreen ("offscreenonly")
loop
for i : 1 .. 156
if (i - 1) rem 12 = 0 then
xvalue += 45
yvalue := 230
end if
blocks (i).x := xvalue
blocks (i).y := yvalue
if blocks (i).hits ~= 1 then
Draw.FillBox (blocks (i).x, blocks (i).y + 2, blocks (i).x + 40, blocks (i).y + 10, colours (blockcol (i)))
end if
yvalue += 12
end for
Draw.FillBox (pos - 25, 0, pos + 25, 5, 1) %user paddle
Font.Draw ("Tries Remaining: " + intstr (tries), 2, maxy - 12, font3, blue)
Font.Draw ("Score: " + intstr (score), maxx - 83, maxy - 12, font3, blue)
Draw.Line (0, maxy - 20, maxx, maxy - 20, RGB.AddColor (0.1, 0.1, 0.1)) %top boundary line
Input.KeyDown (chars)
if chars (KEY_LEFT_ARROW) and pos - 25 > 0 then %Moves paddle left
pos -= 2
elsif chars (KEY_RIGHT_ARROW) and pos + 25 < maxx then %Moves paddle right
pos += 2
end if
if chars (bulbutton) and shoot then
bulletx := pos
bullety := 8
fork bulletfire
%fork bulletdelay
end if
if chars ('x') then
exit
elsif chars ('p') then %Pauses game
setscreen ("nooffscreenonly")
Font.Draw ("GAME PAUSED", maxx div 2 - 20, maxy - 12, font3, blue)
Font.Draw ("*Press ENTER To Resume*", maxx div 2 - Font.Width ("*Press ENTER To Resume*", font3)
div 2, 100, font3, blue)
loop
getch (keyPressed)
exit when keyPressed = KEY_ENTER
end loop
setscreen ("offscreenonly")
end if
xvalue := -15
yvalue := 0
View.Update
cls
end loop
if chars ('x') then
exit
end if
end loop

Cervantes · **Posted:** Sat Apr 30, 2005 8:44 pm

Yep, flexible arrays is the key here. Whenever you hit the fire button, you create a new element of the flexible array. The flexible array should be of a record that contains things such as x and y positions, and x and y velocities or velocity and angle etc.
In your main loop, you have a for loop from 1 .. upper (bullets) to update the position of all the bullets. You'll also have to check for collisions with them, and also you'll probably want to put a range limit on them. Say, if they go 500 pixels, delete them. That would be done by using startX and startY variables. You could then Math.Distance, though that's rather slow. Or you could just run a few if statements.

In any case, check the flexible arrays tutorial, if you don't know how to use them. If you do, check through the code I've included; it's a good example as to how to do this kind of thing.

mike200015 · **Posted:** Sat Apr 30, 2005 10:55 pm

ok.. thanx.. i got the flexible array to work, but now i have 2 problems:

1. The bullet draws a line sort of, cuz it stretches is when i hold the space.?
2. I have a problem with the collision, i cant figure out how to do it, im using Math.DistancePointLine but i dunno where to put it cuz i gotta check the array of blocks and the array of bullets at the same time but they have 2 different upper values, so i cant really do it in a for loop?? Confused

And 1 more question, how can i get it so i can hold space and it will delay like 1 second and shoot the next bullet so i dont havto keep pressing space?

Heres my new code:

Turing:

type block :
record
x : int
y : int
hits : int
end record
type bulletvars :
record
x : int
y : int
hits : int
col : int
end record
var xvalue : int := -15
var yvalue : int := 0
var blocks : array 1 .. 156 of block
var colours : array 1 .. 10 of int := init (40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130)
var blockcol : array 1 .. 156 of int
var bullet : flexible array 0 .. 0 of bulletvars
var chars : array char of boolean
var shoot := true
var ballx := maxx div 2
var bally := 15
var pos := maxx div 2
var xmod := 1
var ymod := 1
var tries := 3
var score := 0
var font3 := Font.New ("Courier New:10:bold") %All other font
var keyPressed : string (1)
var bulbutton := chr (ORD_SPACE)
var bulletx : int := 0
var bullety : int := 8
var yes :=false

setscreen ("graphics:640;400,title:Mikes X-Treme Pong Game,nocursor")

process bulletfire

loop
% for x : 1 .. 50
Draw.FillOval (bulletx, bullety, 3, 3, 43)
bullety += 1
delay (40)
% end for
exit when whatdotcolour (bulletx, bullety + 3) not= 0
end loop

end bulletfire

for i : 1 .. upper (blocks)
blocks (i).hits := 0
end for

%for i : 1 .. upper (bullet)
% bullet (i).x := pos
% bullet (i).y := 10
% bullet (i).hits := 0
%end for

loop
cls
for i : 1 .. 156
randint (blockcol (i), 1, 10)
end for
setscreen ("offscreenonly")
loop
for i : 1 .. 156
if (i - 1) rem 12 = 0 then
xvalue += 45
yvalue := 230
end if
blocks (i).x := xvalue
blocks (i).y := yvalue
if blocks (i).hits ~= 1 then
Draw.FillBox (blocks (i).x, blocks (i).y + 2, blocks (i).x + 40, blocks (i).y + 10, colours (blockcol (i)))
end if
yvalue += 12
end for
Draw.FillBox (pos - 25, 0, pos + 25, 5, 1) %user paddle
Font.Draw ("Tries Remaining: " + intstr (tries), 2, maxy - 12, font3, blue)
Font.Draw ("Score: " + intstr (score), maxx - 83, maxy - 12, font3, blue)
Draw.Line (0, maxy - 20, maxx, maxy - 20, RGB.AddColor (0.1, 0.1, 0.1)) %top boundary line
Input.KeyDown (chars)
if chars (KEY_LEFT_ARROW) and pos - 25 > 0 then %Moves paddle left
pos -= 2
elsif chars (KEY_RIGHT_ARROW) and pos + 25 < maxx then %Moves paddle right
pos += 2
end if
if chars (bulbutton) and shoot then

new bullet, upper (bullet) + 1
yes :=true
%fork bulletfire
%fork bulletdelay
end if
if chars ('x') then
exit
elsif chars ('p') then %Pauses game
setscreen ("nooffscreenonly")
Font.Draw ("GAME PAUSED", maxx div 2 - 20, maxy - 12, font3, blue)
Font.Draw ("*Press ENTER To Resume*", maxx div 2 - Font.Width ("*Press ENTER To Resume*", font3)
div 2, 100, font3, blue)
loop
getch (keyPressed)
exit when keyPressed = KEY_ENTER
end loop
setscreen ("offscreenonly")
end if
for i : upper (bullet) .. upper (bullet)
bullet (i).col := 43
bullet (i).x := pos
bullet (i).y := 8
bullet (i).hits := 0
end for
for i : lower (bullet) .. upper (bullet)
if yes = true then
Draw.FillOval (bullet (i).x, bullet (i).y, 3, 3, bullet (i).col)
if bullet (i).hits ~= 1 then
bullet (i).y += 1
end if
/*
if Math.DistancePointLine (bullet (i).x, bullet (i).y, blocks (i).x, blocks (i).y, blocks (i).x + 40, blocks (i).y) <= 4 then
blocks (i).hits := 1
bullet (i).hits := 1
bullet (i).col := 0
%yes := false
end if
*/
end if
end for
for i : 1 .. upper (blocks)
if Math.DistancePointLine (bullet(i).x, bullet(i).y, blocks (i).x, blocks (i).y, blocks (i).x + 40, blocks (i).y) <= 4 then
blocks (i).hits := 1
bullet (i).hits := 1
bullet (i).col := 0
%yes := false
end if
end for
xvalue := -15
yvalue := 0
View.Update
cls
end loop
if chars ('x') then
exit
end if
end loop

Cervantes · **Posted:** Sun May 01, 2005 7:53 am

1. What I think you're asking is the same as your "And 1 more question" question. I think the problem is that you push space and a bunch of bullets fire off at the same time. You want a cooldown for your weapon. Once again, check the code in the flexible array tutorial; it has an example of this as well.

2. You could use two for loops:

code:

for i : 1 .. upper (bullet)
for j : 1 .. upper (block)
collision detection
end for
end for

But let's think about that for a minute. We probably don't care about anything other than the first few bullets, depending on your cooldown time. We could maybe use upper (bullet) - 1 .. upper (bullet). Also, we only need to check collisions with the outside blocks. Using a 2D array for your blocks would make this much easier.
A question: are the blocks going to ever move around in this game? Or do they stay in a fixed position? If the stay fixed, you could only deal with the upper few bullets and only deal with the outside blocks. You also have to consider the question: do your blocks have spaces between them? If so, and if they move, then you'd have to check collisions for ALL the blocks. Follow my logic?

mike200015 · **Posted:** Sun May 01, 2005 11:36 am

yea.. im thinking that i can use an if statement around the second for loop, and only check the blocks, if the bullet in the for loop is actually moving, i have a hits record for each bullet and set it to 1 when a bullet hits a block, so i could make an if about if the bullet is onscreen and has not hit a block, then go to the seconf for loop

mike200015 · **Posted:** Sun May 01, 2005 11:42 am

ok.. so this is what i did for the detection, the only thing, it makes the game run very very slow, and one more thing, the bullet doesnt stop after hitting 1 bullet??
And, How would i make it go faster??

Side Note: Cervantes, i read your tutorial, and it says you cant use flexible arrays with types, but in my game i did, is that bad?

EDIT -- In your tutorial, Cervantes, you have that timeDelay function , do you mind if i use that in my game with my bullets?, i tried it out in my game and it worked to only shoot one bullet at a time, and it gets rid of the problem of hitting more than 1 block.

Code:

Turing:

type block :
record
x : int
y : int
hits : int
end record
type bulletvars :
record
x : int
y : int
hits : int
col : int
end record
var xvalue : int := -15
var yvalue : int := 0
var blocks : array 1 .. 156 of block
var colours : array 1 .. 10 of int := init (40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130)
var blockcol : array 1 .. 156 of int
var bullet : flexible array 0 .. 0 of bulletvars
var chars : array char of boolean
var shoot := true
var ballx := maxx div 2
var bally := 15
var pos := maxx div 2
var xmod := 1
var ymod := 1
var tries := 3
var score := 0
var font3 := Font.New ("Courier New:10:bold") %All other font
var keyPressed : string (1)
var bulbutton := chr (ORD_SPACE)
var bulletx : int := 0
var bullety : int := 8
var yes := false

setscreen ("graphics:640;400,title:Mikes X-Treme Pong Game,nocursor")

process bulletfire

loop
% for x : 1 .. 50
Draw.FillOval (bulletx, bullety, 3, 3, 43)
bullety += 1
delay (40)
% end for
exit when whatdotcolour (bulletx, bullety + 3) not= 0
end loop

end bulletfire

for i : 1 .. upper (blocks)
blocks (i).hits := 0
end for

%for i : 1 .. upper (bullet)
% bullet (i).x := pos
% bullet (i).y := 10
% bullet (i).hits := 0
%end for

loop
cls
for i : 1 .. 156
randint (blockcol (i), 1, 10)
end for
setscreen ("offscreenonly")
loop
for i : 1 .. 156
if (i - 1) rem 12 = 0 then
xvalue += 45
yvalue := 230
end if
blocks (i).x := xvalue
blocks (i).y := yvalue
if blocks (i).hits ~= 1 then
Draw.FillBox (blocks (i).x, blocks (i).y + 2, blocks (i).x + 40, blocks (i).y + 10, colours (blockcol (i)))
end if
yvalue += 12
end for
Draw.FillBox (pos - 25, 0, pos + 25, 5, 1) %user paddle
Font.Draw ("Tries Remaining: " + intstr (tries), 2, maxy - 12, font3, blue)
Font.Draw ("Score: " + intstr (score), maxx - 83, maxy - 12, font3, blue)
Draw.Line (0, maxy - 20, maxx, maxy - 20, RGB.AddColor (0.1, 0.1, 0.1)) %top boundary line
Input.KeyDown (chars)
if chars (KEY_LEFT_ARROW) and pos - 25 > 0 then %Moves paddle left
pos -= 2
elsif chars (KEY_RIGHT_ARROW) and pos + 25 < maxx then %Moves paddle right
pos += 2
end if
if chars (bulbutton) and shoot then

new bullet, upper (bullet) + 1
yes := true
%fork bulletfire
%fork bulletdelay
end if
if chars ('x') then
exit
elsif chars ('p') then %Pauses game
setscreen ("nooffscreenonly")
Font.Draw ("GAME PAUSED", maxx div 2 - 20, maxy - 12, font3, blue)
Font.Draw ("*Press ENTER To Resume*", maxx div 2 - Font.Width ("*Press ENTER To Resume*", font3)
div 2, 100, font3, blue)
loop
getch (keyPressed)
exit when keyPressed = KEY_ENTER
end loop
setscreen ("offscreenonly")
end if
for i : upper (bullet) .. upper (bullet)
bullet (i).col := 43
bullet (i).x := pos
bullet (i).y := 8
bullet (i).hits := 0
end for
for i : lower (bullet) .. upper (bullet)
if yes = true then
if bullet (i).y <= maxy - 30 then
Draw.FillOval (bullet (i).x, bullet (i).y, 3, 3, bullet (i).col)
%Draw.FillOval (bullet (i).x + 10, bullet (i).y, 3, 3, bullet (i).col)
if bullet (i).hits ~= 1 then
bullet (i).y += 1
end if
end if
end if
end for
%bullet and block collision
for x : 1 .. upper (bullet)
if bullet (x).y >= 10 and bullet (x).y <= maxy - 30 and bullet (x).hits ~= 1 then
for i : 1 .. upper (blocks)
if blocks (i).hits ~= 1 then
if Math.DistancePointLine (bullet (x).x, bullet (x).y, blocks (i).x, blocks (i).y, blocks (i).x + 40, blocks (i).y) <= 4 then
blocks (i).hits := 1
bullet (x).hits := 1
bullet (x).col := 0
%yes := false
end if
end if
end for
end if
end for
xvalue := -15
yvalue := 0
%delay (4)
View.Update
cls
end loop
if chars ('x') then
exit
end if
end loop

Cervantes · **Posted:** Sun May 01, 2005 3:58 pm

Yep, that does go very, very slowly. What kind of graphic are you going to use for the bullet in the final product? Ovals, lines? box? If you use lines or a box, you could ditch the whole Math.DistancePointLine, because you'd only care about what's above the bullet, not anything to the side or below. Also, don't compare with all the blocks, only the outside ones. Try to switch your blocks to use a 2D array.

About flexible arrays and types: what I meant is you can't do this:

code:

type foo : flexible array lower .. upper of
record
bar : string
end record

About the timeDelay function: absolutely! Smile

I hope you have no intention of using that process. Wink

mike200015 · **Posted:** Sun May 01, 2005 5:05 pm

I'm planning on using a cirlce, like what i have now, thats y im using the Math.DistancePointLine, if i switch to a line or square, would it help speed up the game??

And 2ndly, how can i only check the outside blocks? Confused

, do you mean like, the blocks on the outer sides, and at the bottom of each row?
And last, what would making the blocks a 2D array do?

Heres my updated code:

EDIT -- I switched my circle to a Draw.ThickLine and it looks pretty good, and helps it from lagging 2 much. What do you guys think?.. looks ok?
Also, how do i get the line not to show up all the time, i only want it to show when u press space, right now you can see the bullet constantly, ontop of the paddle.?

Turing:

type block :
record
x : int
y : int
hits : int
end record
type bulletvars :
record
x : int
y : int
hits : int
col : int
end record
var xvalue : int := -15
var yvalue : int := 0
var blocks : array 1 .. 156 of block
var colours : array 1 .. 10 of int := init (40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130)
var blockcol : array 1 .. 156 of int
var bullet : flexible array 1 .. 1 of bulletvars
var chars : array char of boolean
%var shoot := true
var ballx := maxx div 2
var bally := 15
var pos := maxx div 2
var xmod := 1
var ymod := 1
var tries := 3
var score := 0
var font3 := Font.New ("Courier New:10:bold") %All other font
var keyPressed : string (1)
var bulbutton := chr (ORD_SPACE)
var bulletx : int := 0
var bullety : int := 8
var timeLast := 0
%var shoot :=false

setscreen ("graphics:640;400,title:Mikes X-Treme Pong Game,nocursor")

process bulletfire

loop
% for x : 1 .. 50
Draw.FillOval (bulletx, bullety, 3, 3, 43)
bullety += 1
delay (40)
% end for
exit when whatdotcolour (bulletx, bullety + 3) not= 0
end loop

end bulletfire

function cooldown (timeDelay : int) : boolean
if Time.Elapsed - timeLast >= timeDelay then
result true
end if
result false
end cooldown

for i : 1 .. upper (blocks)
blocks (i).hits := 0
end for

loop
cls
for i : 1 .. 156
randint (blockcol (i), 1, 10)
end for
setscreen ("offscreenonly")
loop
for i : 1 .. 156
if (i - 1) rem 12 = 0 then
xvalue += 45
yvalue := 230
end if
blocks (i).x := xvalue
blocks (i).y := yvalue
if blocks (i).hits ~= 1 then
Draw.FillBox (blocks (i).x, blocks (i).y + 2, blocks (i).x + 40, blocks (i).y + 10, colours (blockcol (i)))
end if
yvalue += 12
end for
Draw.FillBox (pos - 25, 0, pos + 25, 5, 1) %user paddle
Font.Draw ("Tries Remaining: " + intstr (tries), 2, maxy - 12, font3, blue)
Font.Draw ("Score: " + intstr (score), maxx - 83, maxy - 12, font3, blue)
Draw.Line (0, maxy - 20, maxx, maxy - 20, RGB.AddColor (0.1, 0.1, 0.1)) %top boundary line
Input.KeyDown (chars)
if chars (KEY_LEFT_ARROW) and pos - 25 > 0 then %Moves paddle left
pos -= 2
elsif chars (KEY_RIGHT_ARROW) and pos + 25 < maxx then %Moves paddle right
pos += 2
end if
if chars (bulbutton) then
if cooldown (300) then
new bullet, upper (bullet) + 1
timeLast := Time.Elapsed
%shoot := true
end if
end if
if chars ('x') then
exit
elsif chars ('p') then %Pauses game
setscreen ("nooffscreenonly")
Font.Draw ("GAME PAUSED", maxx div 2 - 20, maxy - 12, font3, blue)
Font.Draw ("*Press ENTER To Resume*", maxx div 2 - Font.Width ("*Press ENTER To Resume*", font3)
div 2, 100, font3, blue)
loop
getch (keyPressed)
exit when keyPressed = KEY_ENTER
end loop
setscreen ("offscreenonly")
end if
for i : upper (bullet) .. upper (bullet)
bullet (i).col := 43
bullet (i).x := pos+5
bullet (i).y := 8
bullet (i).hits := 0
end for
%if shoot = true then
for i : lower (bullet) .. upper (bullet)
if bullet (i).y <= maxy - 30 then
Draw.ThickLine (bullet (i).x, bullet (i).y, bullet (i).x, bullet (i).y + 8, 5, bullet (i).col)
%Draw.FillOval (bullet (i).x + 10, bullet (i).y, 3, 3, bullet (i).col)
if bullet (i).hits ~= 1 then
bullet (i).y += 1
end if
end if
end for
% shoot :=false
% end if
%bullet and block collision

for x : 1 .. upper (bullet)
if bullet (x).y >= 10 and bullet (x).y <= maxy - 30 and bullet (x).hits ~= 1 then
for i : 1 .. upper (blocks)
if blocks (i).hits ~= 1 then
if bullet (x).x + 3 >= blocks (i).x and bullet (x).x - 3 <= blocks (i).x + 40 and bullet (x).y + 8 >= blocks (i).y then
blocks (i).hits := 1
bullet (x).hits := 1
bullet (x).col := 0
end if
end if
end for
end if
end for

xvalue := -15
yvalue := 0
%delay (4)
View.Update
cls
end loop
if chars ('x') then
exit
end if
end loop

Cervantes · **Posted:** Sun May 01, 2005 7:48 pm

Yes, looks like switching away from ovals sped the game up.
Check only the outside blocks by making the blocks into a 2D array. That way, you only need to check the upper element of each column. Provided your blocks will always remain stationary, you won't even need to check the side blocks.

As for seeing the bullet constantly, I'm not sure (haven't looked at code), but I'll run over the basis: your flexible array is from 1 to 0 when there's no bullets on the screen. Whenever the fire key is pressed (and also when cooldown is true) create a new element of the flexible array. Drawing should be as simple as a for loop from 1 to upper (bullet) and a draw command (think line, in this case).

mike200015 · **Posted:** Sun May 01, 2005 8:14 pm

at the begining, my flexible array is 1..1 cuz if i do 1..0 then it gives me an error of array subscript out of range, run my game if u can, and change the 1..1 to 1..0 and ull c wat i mean.

And as for the 2d array, i should scrap wat i have now about how my blocks are drawn, and change it? Confused

mike200015 · **Posted:** Mon May 02, 2005 5:35 pm

ok.. i got my flexible array thing fixed, and now it doesnt show all the time.
The next thing i was trying to do, is what you have, Cervantes, in your little program you made for flexible arrays, to delete the upper array after the bullet hits a block. It works, but only if 1 bullet is shot, if you shoot 2 bullets, once the 1st bullet hits a block, i get an error that array subscript is out of range.

Could you check it out, and see what i did wrong?

Heres the new code: ( I also added missiles to the game, and that is Shift to shoot them)

Turing:

type block :
record
x : int
y : int
hits : int
end record
type bulletvars :
record
x : int
y : int
hits : int
col : int
end record
type missilevars :
record
x : int
y : int
hits : int
col : int
end record
var xvalue : int := -15
var yvalue : int := 0
var blocks : array 1 .. 156 of block
var colours : array 1 .. 10 of int := init (40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130)
var blockcol : array 1 .. 156 of int
var bullet : flexible array 1 .. 0 of bulletvars
var missile : flexible array 1 .. 0 of missilevars
var chars : array char of boolean
var ballx := maxx div 2
var bally := 15
var pos := maxx div 2
var xmod := 1
var ymod := 1
var tries := 3
var score := 0
var bammo := 25
var mammo := 10
var font3 := Font.New ("Courier New:10:bold") %All other font
var keyPressed : string (1)
var bulbutton := chr (ORD_SPACE)
var timeLast := 0

setscreen ("graphics:640;400,title:Mikes X-Treme Pong Game,nocursor")

function cooldown (timeDelay : int) : boolean
if Time.Elapsed - timeLast >= timeDelay then
result true
end if
result false
end cooldown

for i : 1 .. upper (blocks)
blocks (i).hits := 0
end for

loop
cls
for i : 1 .. 156
randint (blockcol (i), 1, 10)
end for
setscreen ("offscreenonly")
loop
for i : 1 .. 156
if (i - 1) rem 12 = 0 then
xvalue += 45
yvalue := 190
end if
blocks (i).x := xvalue
blocks (i).y := yvalue
if blocks (i).hits ~= 1 then
Draw.FillBox (blocks (i).x, blocks (i).y + 2, blocks (i).x + 40, blocks (i).y + 10, colours (blockcol (i)))
end if
yvalue += 12
end for
Draw.FillBox (pos - 25, 0, pos + 25, 5, 1) %user paddle
Font.Draw ("Tries Remaining: " + intstr (tries), 2, maxy - 12, font3, blue)
Font.Draw ("Score: " + intstr (score), maxx - 83, maxy - 12, font3, blue)
Font.Draw ("Bullets: " + intstr (bammo), maxx - (135 + Font.Width ("Bullets: ", font3)), maxy - 12, font3, blue)
Font.Draw ("Missiles: " + intstr (mammo), maxx - (252 + Font.Width ("Missiles: ", font3)), maxy - 12, font3, blue)
Draw.Line (0, maxy - 20, maxx, maxy - 20, RGB.AddColor (0.1, 0.1, 0.1)) %top boundary line
Input.KeyDown (chars)
if chars (KEY_LEFT_ARROW) and pos - 25 > 0 then %Moves paddle left
pos -= 2
elsif chars (KEY_RIGHT_ARROW) and pos + 25 < maxx then %Moves paddle right
pos += 2
end if
if bammo > 0 then
if chars (bulbutton) then
if cooldown (300) then
new bullet, upper (bullet) + 1
bullet (upper (bullet)).col := 43
bullet (upper (bullet)).x := pos
bullet (upper (bullet)).y := 8
bullet (upper (bullet)).hits := 0
timeLast := Time.Elapsed
bammo -= 1
end if
end if
end if
if mammo > 0 then
if chars (KEY_SHIFT) then
if cooldown (300) then
new missile, upper (missile) + 1
missile (upper (missile)).col := 43
missile (upper (missile)).x := pos
missile (upper (missile)).y := 8
missile (upper (missile)).hits := 0
timeLast := Time.Elapsed
mammo -= 1
end if
end if
end if
if chars ('x') then
exit
elsif chars ('p') then %Pauses game
setscreen ("nooffscreenonly")
Font.Draw ("GAME PAUSED", maxx div 2 - 44, 140, font3, blue)
Font.Draw ("*Press ENTER To Resume*", maxx div 2 - Font.Width ("*Press ENTER To Resume*", font3)
div 2, 100, font3, blue)
loop
getch (keyPressed)
exit when keyPressed = KEY_ENTER
end loop
setscreen ("offscreenonly")
end if
for i : 1 .. upper (bullet)
if bullet (i).y <= maxy - 60 then
Draw.ThickLine (bullet (i).x, bullet (i).y, bullet (i).x, bullet (i).y + 6, 2, bullet (i).col)
if bullet (i).hits ~= 1 then
bullet (i).y += 1
end if
end if
end for
for i : 1 .. upper (missile)
if missile (i).y <= maxy - 60 then
Draw.ThickLine (missile (i).x, missile (i).y, missile (i).x, missile (i).y + 5, 5, missile (i).col)
if missile (i).hits ~= 2 then
missile (i).y += 1
end if
end if
end for
%bullet and block collision
for x : 1 .. upper (bullet)
if bullet (x).y >= 10 and bullet (x).y <= maxy - 30 and bullet (x).hits ~= 1 then
for i : 1 .. upper (blocks)
if blocks (i).hits ~= 1 then
if bullet (x).x >= blocks (i).x and bullet (x).x <= blocks (i).x + 40 and bullet (x).y + 8 >= blocks (i).y then
blocks (i).hits := 1
bullet (x).hits := 1
bullet (x).col := 0
score += 1
%exit
for k : x + 1 .. upper (bullet)
bullet (k - 1) := bullet (k)
end for
new bullet, upper (bullet) - 1
exit
end if
end if
end for
end if
end for
for x : 1 .. upper (missile)
if missile (x).y >= 10 and missile (x).y <= maxy - 30 and missile (x).hits ~= 2 then
for i : 1 .. upper (blocks)
if blocks (i).hits ~= 1 then
if missile (x).x + 5 >= blocks (i).x and missile (x).x - 5 <= blocks (i).x + 40 and missile (x).y + 8 >= blocks (i).y then
blocks (i).hits := 1
missile (x).hits += 1
missile (x).col := 0
score += 1
for k : x + 1 .. upper (missile)
missile (k - 1) := missile (k)
end for
new missile, upper (missile) - 1
exit
end if
end if
end for
end if
end for
xvalue := -15
yvalue := 0
%delay (4)
View.Update
cls
end loop
if chars ('x') then
exit
end if
end loop

Cervantes · **Posted:** Mon May 02, 2005 6:09 pm

The reason for this is as follows:
We are going to examine this section of code:

code:

%bullet and block collision
for x : 1 .. upper (bullet)
if bullet (x).y >= 10 and bullet (x).y <= maxy - 30 and bullet (x).hits ~= 1 then
for i : 1 .. upper (blocks)
if blocks (i).hits ~= 1 then
if bullet (x).x >= blocks (i).x and bullet (x).x <= blocks (i).x + 40 and bullet (x).y + 8 >= blocks (i).y then
blocks (i).hits := 1
bullet (x).hits := 1
bullet (x).col := 0
score += 1
%exit
for k : x + 1 .. upper (bullet)
bullet (k - 1) := bullet (k)
end for
new bullet, upper (bullet) - 1
exit
end if
end if
end for
end if
end for

Let's assume all those if statements are true. We go all the way into it, and we delete that particular bullet. Then we exit the for loop that checks the blocks, and restart at the top of the bullet's for loop. But now we've got one less bullet, and yet x has still increased. Thus, x is now > upper (bullet), because we decreased upper (bullet).

To fix this, check out the tut about Removing an Element from a Flexible Array within a For Loop. It's not a great tutorial, mind you, because it was really a question I posted in Help that got kinda got transformed into a tutorial. I don't even know the best solution to the problem: as you'll soon find out, I took Bacchus idea, and fixed it so it would work in a few more situations than his original idea did. But by doing this I also used lots of cpu processing, which is really bad in your case.
In any case, read the tutorial, and maybe you can spend some time on the problem and post the best solution. Smile

mike200015 · **Posted:** Mon May 02, 2005 9:06 pm

k.. ill check out the tutorial, thanx!

And also, about the 2D array for the blocks that you said to do, how should i change my blocks now to make it like you suggested? Confused

mike200015 · **Posted:** Mon May 02, 2005 9:37 pm

i took out the line

Turing:

new bullet, upper (bullet)-1

it prevents the error of array subscript out of range coming up, but then the last bullet of the array doesnt stop, it destroys all the blocks in its row.

mike200015 · **Posted:** Mon May 02, 2005 9:54 pm

nevermind, i got it to work, i jus added the suggestion that Bacchus gave in your question, i added in:

Turing:

exit when x+1>upper (bullet)

and it works fine, Laughing

i was trying other things cuz i didnt think that would work, and then i tried it, and it worked! Thanx so much Cervantes, and Bacchus with your idea! lol

The only thing still, is that i thought by doing the whole thing with deleting the upper, it would prevent my game from slowing down, but it doesnt really, i dont think. After i shoot alot of bullets, then it slows down my game permanently. How would i prevent this from happening?

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