table of contents

[marshymell0]

hey, I read your tutorial at http://www.compsci.ca/v2/viewtopic.php?t=114#77826 where you move your arrow keys to control the circle. I was wondering how I could apply that in a program where there is a table of contents, and the user moves the arrow keys to an option, like high scores, games, etc. and when the user presses enter when the circle is on top of the "High score" part of the screen, it goes to that screen. Well, I'm actualyl going to use a maple leaf, not a circle, but anways lol. Or is there an easier way to do this? Because I do not want to do case construct where the user just presses a button.also, I'm thinking to move between screens, is the easiest way just to have loops and exit when? Thx!

[Flikerator]

Im not 100% on what you want.

If you mean like this;

code:

Start       Load        Instructions

Then there is many ways to do it ^^ Here is one way;

Have a var that equals 1. If its one then it shows start menu highlighted. If its 2 then it shows the Load menu highlighted. Left lowers the value 1, right raises it one. You might want to do a check so it doesnt go above three or go lower then 1 (If its one and it goes down, have it go to 3 )

Now do a check if enter is pressed.

code:

var ch : array char of boolean var num : int loop     Input.KeyDown (ch)     if ch (KEY_ENTER) and num = 1 then     elsif ch (KEY_ENTER) and num = 2 then     elsif ch (KEY_ENTER) and num = 3 then     end if end loop

Note that num is the var I mentioned at the top.

Post if you need any more help

[Cervantes]

Flik: take a look at that if statement you posted. See how it will check if ENTER is pressed three different times? Why not just check if it's pressed once, then check what the value of num is?

code:

if ch (KEY_ENTER) then   case num of     label 1 : %start     label 2 : %load     label 3: %instructions   end case end if

Also, I recommend using getch() for this, rather than Input.KeyDown. Reason being, you don't want your program to be doing anything at the same time as getting Input. You wan to wait for input, then do the appropriate action. getch will probably make things easier.

[Token]

umm okay heres an idea you could make it so that each time you press the up or down arrow key it adds to a variable, so if the variable was = to 1 it would highlight the top (just by drawing a yellow box behind the text, and if the down button was pressed it would add 1 to that variable making it =2 which would then highlight the next one, then once the enter button was pressed it would look at the value of that variable and execute accordingly

[Flikerator]

Cervantes wrote:

Flik: take a look at that if statement you posted. See how it will check if ENTER is pressed three different times? Why not just check if it's pressed once, then check what the value of num is?

code:

if ch (KEY_ENTER) then   case num of     label 1 : %start     label 2 : %load     label 3: %instructions   end case end if

Also, I recommend using getch() for this, rather than Input.KeyDown. Reason being, you don't want your program to be doing anything at the same time as getting Input. You wan to wait for input, then do the appropriate action. getch will probably make things easier.

Never heard of Case of before, I think I will learn how it works. It looks like it would be helpful for my equipting (changes the value instead of the string).

[Flikerator]

I made this, it didn't take long. Here have fun with it
Sorry the only Rems I put were that which you replace :/

code:

var ch : string (1) var num : int := 1 var font1, font2, font3, font4 : int var col1, col2, col3 : int := brightred font1 := Font.New ("serif:24") View.Set ("nocursor") colourback (black) cls colour (brightgreen) Font.Draw ("Start", 50, 30, font1, brightgreen) Font.Draw ("Save", 150, 30, font1, col2) Font.Draw ("Load", 250, 30, font1, col3) loop     getch (ch)     cls     if ch = (KEY_LEFT_ARROW) then         num -= 1     end if     if ch = (KEY_RIGHT_ARROW) then         num += 1     end if     if num = 0 then         num := 3     elsif num = 4 then         num := 1     end if     if num = 1 then         col1 := brightgreen     else         col1 := brightred     end if     if num = 2 then         col2 := brightgreen     else         col2 := brightred     end if     if num = 3 then         col3 := brightgreen     else         col3 := brightred     end if     if ch = (KEY_ENTER) then         case num of             label 1 : %Proc for Start             label 2 : %Proc for Save             label 3 : %Proc for Load         end case     end if     Font.Draw ("Start", 50, 30, font1, col1)     Font.Draw ("Save", 150, 30, font1, col2)     Font.Draw ("Load", 250, 30, font1, col3) end loop

[[Gandalf]]

Basically:
Cases are just like an if x = "this" and "this" and "this" then...

So instead of doing:

code:

if answer = "yes" then    put "agree" elsif answer = "ya" then    put "agree" elsif answer = "no" then    put "disagree" else    put "maybe?" end if

you could just do:

code:

case answer of label "yes", "ya":     put "agree" label "no":     put "disagree" label :     put "maybe?" end case

This is much shorter and you can add many more possibilites very easily.[/b]


*edit* ehh.. I see you got the hang of it, but I guess its useful for anyone else...

[marshymell0]

this is what I have so far:

var key : string (1) := ""
var leafx1 : int := 130
var leafx2 : int := 180
var leafy1 : int := 235
var leafy2 : int := 285

loop
var font1, font2 : int
font1 := Font.New ("serif:20")
Font.Draw ("TABLE OF CONTENTS", 185, 355, font1, red)
Font.Free (font1)
drawfillmapleleaf (130, 335, 180, 385, red)
drawfillmapleleaf (465, 335, 515, 385, red)

setscreen ("offscreenonly")
View.Update
Draw.FillBox (0, 0, maxx, maxy, 0)
drawfillmapleleaf (leafx1, leafy1, leafx2, leafy2, red)
key := ""
if hasch then
getch (key)
end if
if key = (KEY_UP_ARROW) then
leafy1 := leafy1 + 100
leafy2 := leafy2 + 100
elsif key = (KEY_DOWN_ARROW) then
leafy1 := leafy1 - 100
leafy2 := leafy2 - 100
end if

locate (10, 25)
put "INFORMATION"
locate (15, 25)
put "Quiz"
locate (20, 25)
put "High Scores"
end loop



I just don't know how to make it go to Information, quiz, high scores

[marshymell0]

wow so much help lol, thx a lot, I'll try to understand it, above I put the program, there are a few extra things like the maple leaf and stuff for design, cause I'm making a quiz about Canada

thanks for all the help and sorry I wasn't more specific, above is the program to work with, thx!

[Cervantes]

Looking good. The only thing is, instead of moving the maple leaf up and down based on keyboard input, you need to move it based on a variable, which is based on keyboard input.



So, what that means is the input if statements (if keys (KEY_UP_ARROW) etc.) need to modify a variable. That variable keeps track of which menu is selected. I guess you could name the variable, "selection". selection is an int, and it will start at 1 (for the first menu). Then, if the down arrow is pressed, add or subtract one to selection. (Drawing the maple leaf will probably be easiest If you choose to subtract, and if you all your menus to be spaced an equal distance from each other. But, if you subtract, you should have selection = 1 when the bottom menu is selected and selection = number_of_menus when the top menu is selected.) Then, draw the maple leaf based on the value of selection. You can probably do the drawing in one line, using a little bit of math (if you need help, just ask.) Lastly, perform the appropriate action if the enter key is pressed. I haven't thought about it much, but I think this would be accomplished easily with procedures, though there could be a better, though more difficult, way.

[marshymell0]

I"m not really sure I get it, sry
I'm guessing that selection is like the count variable, so I would have something like selction:int:=1, and selection:=selection+1, or selection +2, and if selection is greated or less than, then I just go back to one and two. So this is what I came up with and using the case construct used by Flikerator:
var selection : int
selection := 1
setscreen ("offscreenonly")
View.Update
Draw.FillBox (0, 0, maxx, maxy, 0)
drawfillmapleleaf (leafx1, leafy1, leafx2, leafy2, red)
key := ""
if hasch then
getch (key)
end if
if key = (KEY_UP_ARROW) then
selection := selection + 1
leafy1 := leafy1 + 100
leafy2 := leafy2 + 100
elsif key = (KEY_DOWN_ARROW) then
selection := selection - 1
leafy1 := leafy1 - 100
leafy2 := leafy2 - 100
end if
if selection < 0 then
selection := 3
if selection > 3 then
selection := 1
if key = (KEY_ENTER) then
case selection
label 1 : %instructions
label 2 : %quiz
label 3 : %high score


I am not sure if this is right, since I can't check it since I haven't even made the other parts of the progam yet. Does this make sense? put I'm wondering, using the case construct, how do I move to the next menu? Cervantes, I'm trying to get what you are saying, but I'm getting confused near the middle with the maple leaf and stuff. sry for the noobish thx

[Cervantes]

marshymell0 wrote:

I"m not really sure I get it, sry
...
sry for the noobish thx

No need to be sorry, everyone starts there.

Okay, you're off to a pretty good start. The biggest problem you've got, right now, is that you're moving the maple leaf down or up based on input. You need to take the coordinate movement (the leafy1 := leafy1 - 100 etc.) out of those if statements. Make a new if statement or case construct that uses the value of selection to determine where the maple leaf should go.

code:

case selection of   label 3 :     leafy1 := 300   label 2 :     leafy1 := 200   label 1 :      leafy1 := 100   label : end case

Assuming you've got three menus, that is. Also, notice that you don't have to put leafy2 anywhere, because leafy2 is dependant upon leafy1. You want your leaf to always be the same size, so just draw it at:

code:

Draw.FillMapleLeaf (leafX, leafY, leafX + leafWidth, leafY + leafHeight, leafColour)

Okay, next, we don't even have to use that case construct. This next part might be a little harder to understand, though, but really, it's purely simple math. Let's give it a go:

code:

leafy1 := selection * spaceBetweenMenus + extraSpaceBetweenBottomMenuAndTheFloor %(ie. space between bottom menu and the horizontal line, y = 0  )

if selection = 0, we are at the bottom menu. Let's say the space between each of your menus is 100 pixels. So selection = 0, spaceBetweenMenus = 100. 0 * 100 = 0. So, ignoring the addition at the end, the bottom part of the leaf would be drawn at y = 0. Now, if we add the next part, we can move it up a little bit. Let's say you're bottom menu was 50 pixels off the ground (the y = 0 line). Then leafy1 := 0 * 100 + 50 = 50. If selection = 2, leafy1 := 2 * 100 + 50 = 250.
Hope you got that.
Next:

code:

if selection < 0 then selection := 3 if selection > 3 then selection := 1

That's what you posted. First, you need some end if's in there. Second, if selection is < 0 is a good thing, if you want to use the method for getting leafy1 described immediately above. If you use your bottom menu = 0, then you'll have four menus: 0, 1, 2, and 3. Ditch the third menu. We only want three (right?).
Lastly, how to move to the next menu? Well, you could just put the code for the next menu right inside the case construct, but that's ugly. It would be better if you learned procedures. If you dont' know them, here's the tutorial: http://www.compsci.ca/v2/viewtopic.php?t=407.

Hope that helps, let us know if you need more help.

[marshymell0]

ok, I guess this makes my program shorter/simpler. So now I have only leafx and leafy, and then I get leafx2 and y2 by subtracting my old x2 and y2 by x1 and y2 and that is now my leafwidth and leafheigh. therefore, I get leaft2-leafy1=285-180=105 and xwidth would be 55, right?

Thefore, my maple leaf is
drawfillmapleleaf (leafx, leafy,leafx+leafwidth,leafy+leafheight, red).

BUt for some reason, when I did that, my maple leaf went somewhere near the top corner, when it should remain in the same place-.-


Next, I have my selection part, which is
if key = (KEY_UP_ARROW) then
selection := selection + 1
elsif key = (KEY_DOWN_ARROW) then
selection := selection - 1
end if
if selection < 1 then
selection := 3
elsif selection > 3 then
selection := 1
end if

I understand that. Where I'm getting confused is the how to draw the maple leaf. I understand what is happening, where my leafy changes accordign to what my selection is, but when I try it, the leaf no longer even moves Another problem I have is, how do I set restrictions, because if the user keeps on pressign down, or up, the leaf would just disappear? Here is my program so far

code:

var key : string (1) := "" var leafx : int := 130 %the X1 coordinate of the maple leaf var leafy : int := 180 %the y1 coordinate of the maple leaf var leafwidth : int := 55 %the x2 coorindate of the maple leaf var leafheight : int := 105 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% loop     var font1, font2 : int     font1 := Font.New ("serif:20")     Font.Draw ("TABLE OF CONTENTS", 185, 355, font1, red)     Font.Free (font1)     drawfillmapleleaf (130, 335, 180, 385, red)     drawfillmapleleaf (465, 335, 515, 385, red)     %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%     var selection : int     selection := 0     setscreen ("offscreenonly")     View.Update     Draw.FillBox (0, 0, maxx, maxy, 0)     drawfillmapleleaf (leafx, leafy, leafx + leafwidth, leafy + leafheight, red)     key := ""     if hasch then         getch (key)     end if     if key = (KEY_UP_ARROW) then         selection := selection + 1     elsif key = (KEY_DOWN_ARROW) then         selection := selection - 1     end if     if selection < 1 then         selection := 3     elsif selection > 3 then         selection := 1     end if     leafy := selection * 100 + 50     %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%     locate (10, 25)     put "INFORMATION"     locate (15, 25)     put "QUIZ"     locate (20, 25)     put "HIGH SCORES" end loop

thx again!

[Cervantes]

Height and width sound okay, though really you don't have to calculate it, you could just pick new values.
You were using KEY_UP_ARROW with getch. KEY_UP_ARROW is used with Input.KeyDown. With getch, use ord. I don't know, the code didn't crash, but it ate up ALL of my system resources!
Here's the working code.

Turing:

var selection : int selection := 0 var key : string (1) := "" var leafx : int := 130 %the X1 coordinate of the maple leaf var leafy : int := 180 %the y1 coordinate of the maple leaf var leafwidth : int := 55 %the x2 coorindate of the maple leaf var leafheight : int := 105 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% loop     var font1, font2 : int     font1 := Font.New ("serif:20")     Font.Draw ("TABLE OF CONTENTS", 185, 355, font1, red)     Font.Free (font1)     drawfillmapleleaf (130, 335, 180, 385, red)     drawfillmapleleaf (465, 335, 515, 385, red)     %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%     setscreen ("offscreenonly")     View.Update     cls     Draw.FillBox (0, 0, maxx, maxy, 0)     drawfillmapleleaf (leafx, leafy, leafx + leafwidth, leafy + leafheight, red)     key := ""     getch (key)     if ord (key) = 200 then         selection := selection + 1     elsif ord (key) = 208 then         selection := selection - 1     end if     if selection < 1 then         selection := 3     elsif selection > 3 then         selection := 1     end if     leafy := selection * 100 + 50     %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%     locate (10, 25)     put "INFORMATION"     locate (15, 25)     put "QUIZ"     locate (20, 25)     put "HIGH SCORES" end loop

And here's the code cleaned up. Don't declare variables inside the loop. Don't reset the font to the same thing every time inside the loop. Don't free the font inside the loop. Don't make the screen offscreenonly inside the loop. All that should be done OUTSIDE the loop. Also, I find it best (and a heck of a lot easier) if you group all your drawing. Lastly, I used a few features to shorten the code. Namely

code:

selection += 1

which is the same as

code:

selection := selection + 1

and

code:

var selection := 3

which is the same as

code:

var selection : int := 3

. Turing knows that 3 is an integer, so you don't have to use the : int := stuff.

Turing:

setscreen ("offscreenonly") var selection := 3 var font1 := Font.New ("serif:20") var key : string (1) := "" var leafx := 130 %the X1 coordinate of the maple leaf var leafy := 180 %the y1 coordinate of the maple leaf var leafwidth := 55 %the x2 coorindate of the maple leaf var leafheight := 105 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% loop     cls     locate (10, 25)     put "INFORMATION"     locate (15, 25)     put "QUIZ"     locate (20, 25)     put "HIGH SCORES"     Font.Draw ("TABLE OF CONTENTS", 185, 355, font1, red)     drawfillmapleleaf (130, 335, 180, 385, red)     drawfillmapleleaf (465, 335, 515, 385, red)     drawfillmapleleaf (leafx, leafy, leafx + leafwidth, leafy + leafheight, red)     View.Update     delay (10)     %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%     getch (key)     if ord (key) = 200 then         selection += 1     elsif ord (key) = 208 then         selection -= 1     end if     if selection < 1 then         selection := 3     elsif selection > 3 then         selection := 1     end if     leafy := selection * 100 + 50 end loop Font.Free (font1)

You just need to fix up the y value of the leaf. If you draw your menu's using fonts, or if you use locatexy, it should be easier.

[marshymell0]

hahah I think I get it =) tnx a lot!!!! um...do u have a list of all the ord keys? like what they equal?for example, is enter=233, 243,etc.? cause I can't find it on the net or on Turing manual.