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 Syntax Quickref: Turing <--> O'Caml
Index -> Programming, General Programming -> Functional Programming
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wtd




PostPosted: Thu Mar 03, 2005 9:13 pm   Post subject: Syntax Quickref: Turing <--> O'Caml

O'Caml for the Turing Programmer

Input-Output

Printing to the standard output.

Turing
code:
put "Hello"


O'Caml
code:
print_endline "Hello"


The same, without skipping to a newline.

Turing
code:
put "Hello" ..


O'Caml
code:
print_string "Hello"


Printing an integer.

Turing
code:
put 42


O'Caml
code:
print_int 42


Printing a floating point number.

Turing
code:
put 42.3


O'Caml
code:
print_float 42.3


Getting a line from the keyboard.

Turing
code:
var line : string
get line : *


O'Caml
code:
let line = read_line ()


Getting a single character from the keyboard.

Turing
code:
var ch : string
get ch : 1


O'Caml
code:
let ch = let str = read_line () in
  String.get str 0


Getting an integer from the keyboard.

Turing
code:
var i : int
get i


O'Caml
code:
let i = read_int ()


Getting a float from the keyboard.

Turing
code:
var f : real
get f


O'Caml
code:
let f = read_float ()


Math

code:

Turing    | O'Caml      | Result
----------+-------------+---------
 4 + 3    |  4 + 3      |  7
 4 - 2    |  4 - 2      |  2
 2 * 3    |  2 * 3      |  6
 2 / 5    |  2 / 5      |  0
 6 div 4  |  6 / 4      |  1
 6 rem 4  |  (mod) 6 4  |  2
          |  6 mod 4    |
 3 ** 2   |  3. ** 2.   |  9.0
 sin      |  sin        |
 cos      |  cos        |
          |  tan        |
          |  asin       |
          |  acos       |
          |  atan       |


Comparisons

code:
Turing  | O'Caml     
--------+----------
 =      |  =     
 not=   |  !=     
 <, <=  |  <, <=     
 >, >=  |  >, >=     
 not    |  not   
 and    |  &&
 or     |  ||, or


Conditional Statements/Expressions

code:
Turing                      | O'Caml     
----------------------------+------------------------------
 if condition then          |  if condition
   statement1               |    then expression1
 elsif otherCondition then  |    else if otherCondition
   statement2               |      then expression2
 else                       |      else defaultExpression
   defaultStatement         |
 end if                     |
----------------------------+------------------------------
 case value of              |  match value with
   label 1: statement1      |    | 1 -> expression1
   label 2: statement2      |    | 2 -> expression2
   label: default           |    | _ -> default;;
 end case                   |


Function Definition

code:
Turing                              | O'Caml     
------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------
 function fooBar : string           |  let fooBar = "foo, bar"
   result "foo, bar"                | 
 end fooBar                         |   
------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------
 function square (n : int) : float  |  let square n = n ** 2
   result n ** 2                    | 
 end square                         | 
                                    | 
------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------
 procedure greet (name : string)    |  let greet name =
   put "Hello, " + name             |    print_endline ("Hello, " ^ name)
 end greet                          | 
                                    |   
------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------
 procedure greet (name : string)    |  let greet name =
   var greeting := "Hello, " + name |    let greeting = "Hello, " ^ name in
   put greeting                     |      print_endline greeting
 end greet                          | 
------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------
 function fact (n : int) : int      |  let rec fact n =
   if n = 0 then                    |    if n = 0
     result 1                       |      then 0
   else                             |      else n * fact (n - 1)
     result n * fact (n - 1)        | 
   end if                           | 
 end fact                           | 


Comments

code:
Turing      | O'Caml     
------------+-------------
 %          |  none     
 /* ... */  |  (* ... *) 
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