Formatting Output and Type Conversions

[BigBear]

This Tutorial will explain how to formate the output of Strings, Integers and Reals and how to convert variable from one type to another.

Formatting Output

Strings %Output
put "Hello" :10 Hello_ _ _ _ _ % 10 characters
put "Hello" : 2 Hello % 5 characters

Integers
put 541 : 7 _ _ _ _ 541 % 7 characters
put 541 : 1 541 % 3 characters

Reals
put 3.4 : 6 _ _ _ 3.4 % 6 characters
put 3.4 : 0 : 3 3.400
put 3.4 : 10 : 3 _ _ _ _ _ 3.400 %10 characters
put 34 : 0 : 3 : 2 3.400e+01 % Sci. Notation
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Type Conversion

Type conversion means converting a variable from one type to another.

Real to Integer %Output
ceil(x) - returns the smallest integer not less than x.
ceil(5.3) 5
ceil(-4.1) -4

floor(x) - returns the largest integer not greater than x.
floor(8.8) 8
floor(-0.1) -1

round(x) - rounds to the nearest integer
round(3.1) 3
round(3.5) 4

Integer to Real %Output
intreal(x) - returns the value of the integer as a real.
intreal(25) 25.0

Integer to String %Output
intstr(10) "10"

String to Integer %Output
strint(x) - converts a string x to its corresponding integer.
strint("100") 100

String to Real %Output
strreal("7.4") 17.4

Using strintok to Error Trap
When you prompt the user for a integer you usually want it to be within say between 0 and 100 if you want to calculate the average mark across 4 tests.
Your code will look like this

code:

%Simple Error Trap Program var mark1 : int var mark2 : int var mark3 : int var mark4 : int %We can also group variables of the same type together like this %var mark1, mark2, mark3, mark4 : int loop     put "Enter the first four test results."     get mark1, mark2, mark3, mark4     %It will keep asking the user for four marks untill they are all between 0 and 100     exit when mark1 >= 0 and mark1 <= 100 and mark2 >= 0 and mark2 <= 100 and mark3 >= 0 and mark3 <= 100 and mark4 >= 0 and mark4 <= 100 end loop var marks : int := mark1 + mark2 + mark3 + mark4 put "Your average test result is ", marks div 4, "%"

We could put a loop on each mark to identify the error immediately

code:

put "Enter the results for your first test.\n1  "..  loop  get mark1  exit when mark1 >=0 and mark1 <=100  end loop

Just repeat this for each mark we would the user to enter


But what happens if the user enters "hello"?
It crashes so we use strintok
Basically the program looks the same but we declare the variables as string

code:

%Simple Error Trap Program using strintok var mark1, mark2, mark3, mark4 : string loop     put "Enter the first four test results."     get mark1, mark2, mark3, mark4     %It will keep asking the user for four marks untill they are all between 0 and 100     if strintok (mark1) and strint (mark1) >= 0 and strint (mark1) <= 100 and strintok (mark2) and strint (mark2) <= 100 and strint (mark2) >= 0 and strintok (mark3) and strint (mark3) <= 100 and             strint (mark3) >= 0 and strintok (mark4) and strint (mark4) >= 0             and strint (mark4) <= 100 then         exit     end if end loop var marks : int := strint (mark1) + strint (mark2) + strint (mark3) + strint (mark4) put "Your avearge test result is ", marks div 4, "%"

[BigBear]

While I was making this I was wondering how do I make code look that in appears in Turing?

[Nick]

[syntax="turing"][/syntax]

[BigBear]

Really then what is the point of have the [code] business?

[Nick]

psuedo code, small lenghs of code, formatting an ASCII image (since codes font keeps everything spaced), identation, etc...

[HeavenAgain]

for formatting, you can just briefly explain what is right justified, and left justified, and where they are used, on numbers and string etc

and also

Quote:

ceil(x) - returns the smallest integer not less than x.
ceil(5.3) 5
ceil(-4.1) -4

floor(x) - returns the largest integer not greater than x.
floor(8.8) 8
floor(-0.1) -1

have a look at that again

and the if statement in your code looks awfully long, and didn't really show how to use strintok, instead try something like

code:

var myVariable : string if ( strintok(myVariable) )  put myVariable, "+ 1 = ", strint(myVariable)+1 ," is a number" else  put "you typed ",myVariable," which is not a number" end if