Computer Science Canada

Objects
Author:  mike200015 [ Thu Apr 14, 2005 1:15 pm ]
Post subject:  Objects
I was wondering how to make objects in turing, or if there is a tutorial about it?
Author:  jamonathin [ Thu Apr 14, 2005 3:06 pm ]
Post subject: 
Does this answer your question? http://www.compsci.ca/v2/viewtopic.php?t=8349&highlight=object
Author:  Tony [ Thu Apr 14, 2005 3:19 pm ]
Post subject: 
I think he might be looking for
Turing:

var id: pointer to Class
new Class, id
id -> method(argument)
Author:  Cervantes [ Thu Apr 14, 2005 5:20 pm ]
Post subject: 
Or perhaps records and types?

code:

type student :
  record
    id : int
    class : array 1 .. 8 of string
    mark : array 1 .. 8 of real
  end record

var Billy_Joel : student


Search the tutorials for whichever you're looking for.
Author:  mike200015 [ Thu Apr 14, 2005 10:15 pm ]
Post subject: 
jamonathin wrote:
Does this answer your question? http://www.compsci.ca/v2/viewtopic.php?t=8349&highlight=object

That tutorial helped alot.

Im adding a blockout/bustout.. watever its called game, to my pong game. so i have 156 blocks that draw on the screen each with a random colour.. and to do that i made a record for the x,y and an array of it. So wat i need to do now is make the block dissapear when the ball hits it. But i dont know how to go about doing that. Heres the blockout part that i have so far, with bricks and ball and paddle:

There is also a few other problems with it:
1. When the paddle is moving and the ball hits it, the ball sometimes stays on the paddle and slides with it.
2. Sometimes the ball gets stuck inbetween the bricks and doesnt come out.
3. The ball sometimes slides along the bricks.

Also if there is a better way of doing this than the way i did.

If anyone can help I'd appreciate it!



code:
type block :
    record
        x : int
        y : int
    end record
var xvalue : int := -15
var yvalue : int := 0
var blocks : array 1 .. 156 of block
var colours : array 1 .. 10 of int := init (40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130)
var blockcol : array 1 .. 156 of int
var chars : array char of boolean
var ballx := maxx div 2
var bally := 15
var pos := maxx div 2
var xmod := 1
var ymod := 1
var tries := 3
var score := 0
var font3 := Font.New ("Courier New:10:bold") %All other font
var keyPressed : string (1)
setscreen ("graphics:640;400,title:Mikes X-Treme Pong Game,nocursor")
loop
    cls
    for i : 1 .. 156
        randint (blockcol (i), 1, 10)
    end for
    setscreen ("offscreenonly")
    loop
        cls
        for i : 1 .. 156
            if (i - 1) rem 12 = 0 then
                xvalue += 45
                yvalue := 230
            end if
            blocks (i).x := xvalue
            blocks (i).y := yvalue
            drawfillbox (blocks (i).x, blocks (i).y + 2, blocks (i).x + 40, blocks (i).y + 10, colours (blockcol (i)))
            yvalue += 12
        end for
        drawfillbox (pos - 25, 0, pos + 25, 5, 1)     %user paddle
        drawfilloval (ballx, bally, 10, 10, 12)             %ball
        Font.Draw ("Tries Remaining: " + intstr (tries), 2, maxy - 12, font3, blue)
        Font.Draw ("Score:  " + intstr (score), maxx - 83, maxy - 12, font3, blue)
        drawline (0, maxy - 20, maxx, maxy - 20, RGB.AddColor (0.1, 0.1, 0.1))         %top boundary line
        Input.KeyDown (chars)
        if chars (KEY_LEFT_ARROW) and pos - 25 > 0 then          %Moves paddle left
            pos -= 1
            ballx -= 1
        elsif chars (KEY_RIGHT_ARROW) and pos + 30 < maxx then          %Moves paddle right
            pos += 1
            ballx += 1
        elsif chars (KEY_UP_ARROW) then
            exit
        end if
        xvalue := -15
        yvalue := 0
        View.Update
    end loop
    loop
        ballx += xmod
        bally += ymod
        if ballx >= maxx then
            xmod := -xmod                 %ball goes in opposite x-direction
            sound (500, 10)
        elsif ballx <= 0 then
            xmod := -xmod                 %ball goes in opposite x-direction
            sound (500, 10)
        end if
        if bally >= maxy - 30 then
            ymod := -ymod                 %ball goes in opposite y-direction
            sound (500, 10)
        elsif bally <= 5 then
            ymod := -ymod
            sound (500, 10)
        end if
        for i : 1 .. 156
            if (i - 1) rem 12 = 0 then
                xvalue += 45
                yvalue := 230
            end if
            blocks (i).x := xvalue
            blocks (i).y := yvalue
            drawfillbox (blocks (i).x, blocks (i).y + 2, blocks (i).x + 40, blocks (i).y + 10, colours (blockcol (i)))
            yvalue += 12
        end for
        drawfillbox (pos - 25, 0, pos + 25, 5, 1)         %user paddle
        drawfilloval (ballx, bally, 10, 10, 12)             %ball
        Font.Draw ("Tries Remaining: " + intstr (tries), 2, maxy - 12, font3, blue)
        Font.Draw ("Score:  " + intstr (score), maxx - 83, maxy - 12, font3, blue)
        drawline (0, maxy - 20, maxx, maxy - 20, RGB.AddColor (0.1, 0.1, 0.1))         %top boundary line
        Input.KeyDown (chars)
        if chars (KEY_LEFT_ARROW) and pos - 25 > 0 then          %Moves paddle left
            pos -= 2
        elsif chars (KEY_RIGHT_ARROW) and pos + 25 < maxx then          %Moves paddle right
            pos += 2
        end if
        if chars ('x') then
            exit
        elsif chars ('p') then             %Pauses game
            setscreen ("nooffscreenonly")
            Font.Draw ("GAME PAUSED", maxx div 2 - 20, maxy - 12, font3, blue)
            Font.Draw ("*Press ENTER To Resume*", maxx div 2 - Font.Width ("*Press ENTER To Resume*", font3)
                div 2, 100, font3, blue)
            loop
                getch (keyPressed)
                exit when keyPressed = KEY_ENTER
            end loop
            setscreen ("offscreenonly")
        end if
        xvalue := -15
        yvalue := 0
        case whatdotcolour (ballx + 11, bally) or whatdotcolour (ballx - 11, bally) of                           %if ball hits anything green (2)
            label 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130 :                                             %it will go in opposite x-direction
                xmod := -xmod
            label blue, 12, yellow, black, 5, 2 :
                xmod := -xmod
            label :
                ballx += xmod
        end case
        case whatdotcolour (ballx, bally + 11) or whatdotcolour (ballx, bally - 11) of                %if ball hits anything green (2)
            label 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130 :                                                        %it will go in opposite y-direction
                ymod := -ymod
            label blue, 12, yellow, black, 5, 2 :
                ymod := -ymod
            label :
                bally += ymod
        end case
        /*
         if whatdotcolour (ballx + 11, bally) = padcol or whatdotcolour (ballx - 11, bally) = padcol or
         whatdotcolour (ballx + 11, bally) = blockcol () or whatdotcolour (ballx - 11, bally) = padcol then
         xmod := -xmod
         end if
         if whatdotcolour (ballx, bally + 11) = padcol or whatdotcolour (ballx, bally - 11) = padcol then
         ymod := -ymod
         end if
         */
        View.Update
        delay (2)
        cls
    end loop
    if chars ('x') then
        exit
    end if
end loop
Author:  jamonathin [ Fri Apr 15, 2005 7:59 am ]
Post subject: 
What I suggest doing is making a "hit" variable (int) in your "type". Assign all 156 "hit"s to 0, making all of them not hit. When the ball does hit that block, then make "hit" 1. When you go to redraw all of the blocks, use an if statement like this
code:
for i : 1 .. 156
        if blocks(i).hit = 0 then
             drawfillbox (whatever)
        end if
end for

Now what I suggest for determining if the blocks are beign hit is a for loop such as this:
code:

for i : 1 .. upper (colours)
    if whatdotcolour (ballx + 11, bally) = colours (i) or whatdotcolour (ballx - 11, bally) = colours (i) then
        xmod *= -1 % same as xmod := - xmod
    end if
    if whatdotcolour (ballx, bally + 11) = colours (i) or whatdotcolour (ballx, bally - 11) = colours (i) then
        ymod *= -1
    end if
end for

The reason they're in two 'if' statements is because if the ball hits a corner, it will bounce off both sides (top and side).
Author:  mike200015 [ Fri Apr 15, 2005 1:42 pm ]
Post subject: 
so when the ball hits the block, and the hit is set to 1, then do i redraw the block in the bakground colour.. or do i somehow delete it from the array or something??
Author:  jamonathin [ Fri Apr 15, 2005 1:48 pm ]
Post subject: 
use a for loop in when you draw all the boxes. And check every hit, and if the hit on any of the blocks = 1 then dont draw the box.
Author:  mike200015 [ Fri Apr 15, 2005 3:24 pm ]
Post subject: 
how do i check which block the ball hit, im using a case for the ball to bounce off:
code:
case whatdotcolour (ballx + 11, bally) or whatdotcolour (ballx - 11, bally) of                           %if ball hits anything green (2)
            label 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130 :                                             %it will go in opposite x-direction
                xmod *= -1
            label blue, 12, yellow, black, 5, 2 :
                xmod *= -1
            label :
                xmod *= 1
        end case
        case whatdotcolour (ballx, bally + 11) or whatdotcolour (ballx, bally - 11) of                %if ball hits anything green (2)
            label 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130 :                                                        %it will go in opposite y-direction
                ymod *= -1
            label blue, 12, yellow, black, 5, 2 :
                ymod *= -1
            label :
                ymod *= 1
        end case

i made the hits record and set them all to 0, now i need to set to 1 when the ball hits the block, but how do i check which block the ball hit?
Author:  jamonathin [ Fri Apr 15, 2005 3:40 pm ]
Post subject: 
well, what you can do is check coordinates. Since the ball hits at the tip, you can use the x-value of the ball to determine which block is it. Now for the y-value, you need to check the radius of the ball and the location of the block.
Basically if the y-value of the ball + the radius of the ball is equal to the y-value of the block then. . . But, if that doesn't work, then check if the difference between the 2 co-ordinates is less than, 4 or so then.

So . . .
code:

for i: 1 .. blocks
     if x >= blockx (i) and x <= blockx (i) and y + radius>= blocky (i) then
     end if
%OR
     if x >= blockx (i) and x <= blockx (i) and blocky (i) - (y + radius) <=4 then
     end if
end for

I've never tried this method however, and I'm not on turing so i dont know if it will work. It sounds like it will work, but if it doesn't, juss lemme know.
Author:  mike200015 [ Fri Apr 15, 2005 4:30 pm ]
Post subject: 
ok.. so.. jamonathin your code worked sort of, not totaly, i had to add sum stuff to it, but it still doesnt work right heres the code: add it in either before or after the case section in my game ^:
i changed the case a little bit, so heres the new case part, switch it for the case thats in the code/my game up there ^^:
code:
case whatdotcolour (ballx + 11, bally) or whatdotcolour (ballx - 11, bally) of                           %if ball hits anything green (2)
            label 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130 :   %it will go in opposite x-direction
                xmod *= -1
            label blue, 12, yellow, black, 5, 2 :
                xmod *= -1
            label :
                xmod *= 1
        end case
        case whatdotcolour (ballx, bally + 11) or whatdotcolour (ballx, bally - 11) of                %if ball hits anything green (2)
            label 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130 :                                                        %it will go in opposite y-direction
                ymod *= -1
            label blue, 12, yellow, black, 5, 2 :
                ymod *= -1
            label :
                ymod *= 1
        end case

now add this part either after or before the case in the game:
code:
for i : 1 .. upper (blocks)
            if ballx - 10 >= blocks (i).x and ballx - 10 <= blocks (i).x + 40 and bally + 10 >= blocks (i).y and bally + 10 <= blocks (i).y + 10 or
            ballx + 10 >= blocks (i).x and ballx + 10 <= blocks (i).x + 40 and bally - 10 >= blocks (i).y and bally - 10 <= blocks (i).y + 10 then
                blocks (i).hits := 1
            %elsif ballx + 10 >= blocks (i).x and ballx + 10 <= blocks (i).x + 40 and bally - 10 >= blocks (i).y and bally - 10 <= blocks (i).y + 10 then
            %blocks (i).hits :=1
            end if
            %OR
            %if x >= blockx (i) and x <= blockx (i) and blocky (i) - (y + radius) <= 4 then
            %end if
        end for

Problems with the ball + block hit detection (code right above^):
1. When the ball hits the blocks on the side, they dont dissapear.
2. When the ball hits some blocks sort of straight up, it keeps going up and erases all of them, it doesnt really deflect off.
Author:  Cervantes [ Fri Apr 15, 2005 7:28 pm ]
Post subject: 
You know, guys, you could use a boolean variable instead of an integer. It just goes better with these situations.
Also, I recommend using coordinate collision detection here. Avoid whatdotcolour! Smile
Author:  mike200015 [ Fri Apr 15, 2005 7:50 pm ]
Post subject: 
for the whole blockout part of my game?

Also, can u help wit the question in my last post ^.
Author:  mike200015 [ Fri Apr 15, 2005 10:04 pm ]
Post subject: 
i tried putting in the coordinate detection instead of color.. but it doesnt work well, im prolly doing it wrong, this is wat i put in:
code:
for i : 1 .. upper (blocks)
            if ballx - 10 >= blocks (i).x and ballx - 10 <= blocks (i).x + 40 and bally + 10 >= blocks (i).y and bally + 10 <= blocks (i).y + 10 or
            ballx + 10 >= blocks (i).x and ballx + 10 <= blocks (i).x + 40 and bally - 10 >= blocks (i).y and bally - 10 <= blocks (i).y + 10 then
                blocks (i).hits := 1
               xmod*=-1
               ymod *=-1
end if
end for
Author:  Cervantes [ Sat Apr 16, 2005 6:59 am ]
Post subject: 
check here: http://www.compsci.ca/v2/viewtopic.php?t=75
The difference is that you want to detect collisions between a circle and a rectangle. It's easy enough: just change x2 - s to block (i).x and change x2 + s to block(i).x + blockWidth. Same kind of thing for the y's.
If you can't get it, ask again. But give it a shot first.
Author:  mike200015 [ Sat Apr 16, 2005 4:48 pm ]
Post subject: 
i have that in the code right above. but it doesnt detect right, with the circle, i need it to check around the whole circle, and i thought i did that in the code right above, but i dunno wat i need to change with it.
Author:  Cervantes [ Sat Apr 16, 2005 5:49 pm ]
Post subject: 
mike200015 wrote:
i have that in the code right above.

Not quite. You are checking if the upper left corner of the box that contains the ball is inside the block, or if the bottom right corner of the box that contains the ball is inside the block.
Author:  mike200015 [ Sat Apr 16, 2005 6:04 pm ]
Post subject: 
lol.. ? wat you mean by that, instead of checking a circular area, its checking more of a square?.. and also how would i change it then to make it check the whole circle area? Confused
Author:  Cervantes [ Sat Apr 16, 2005 7:04 pm ]
Post subject: 
mike200015 wrote:
lol.. ? wat you mean by that, instead of checking a circular area, its checking more of a square?

No. I mean it's checking only the top left corner and the bottom right corner of the ball.
mike200015 wrote:

and also how would i change it then to make it check the whole circle area? Confused

You don't want to check the whole circle area. That would involve an infinate number of calculations, because there are infinate number of infinately small points that make up your circle. But obviously you wouldn't check all of them, you'd only check every different pixel. That's still ridiculous (remember you're comparing all these points on the circle to a large number of blocks), and also still unnecessary. You only need to check four points: the top of the ball, the bottom of the ball, the left of the ball, and the right of the ball. However, were the blocks to be angled, you might need to check the point on the circumfrence at angle 37­° or whatever it may be. Fortunately, the blocks are not angled: their base lies parallel to the x axis and their upright sides are parallel to the y axis. (I assume this is true.) That means a little less work and confusion for you. And that makes you a happy camper.

Cervantes

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