Computer Science Canada

Why can't I delete my bullets?
Author:  GlobeTrotter [ Sun Jun 20, 2004 4:26 pm ]
Post subject:  Why can't I delete my bullets?
code:

setscreen ("graphics;offscreenonly")
var x, y, dir, speed : real
var chars : array char of boolean
var bullets : int := 0
var bulletx, bullety, bulletdir : flexible array 1 .. bullets of real
const bulletdelay := 20
var temp := bulletdelay
x := maxx div 2
y := maxy div 2
dir := 0
speed := 1
loop
    cls
    delay (10)
    Input.KeyDown (chars)
    if chars (KEY_LEFT_ARROW) then
        dir += 1
    elsif chars (KEY_RIGHT_ARROW) then
        dir -= 1
    end if
    if chars (KEY_UP_ARROW) then
        x += cosd (dir) * speed
        y += sind (dir) * speed
    elsif chars (KEY_DOWN_ARROW) then
        x -= cosd (dir) * (speed / 2)
        y -= sind (dir) * (speed / 2)
    end if
    temp += 1
    if chars (KEY_ENTER) and temp >= bulletdelay then
        temp := 0
        bullets += 1
        new bulletx, bullets
        new bullety, bullets
        new bulletdir, bullets
        bulletx (bullets) := x + cosd (dir) * 10
        bullety (bullets) := y + sind (dir) * 10
        bulletdir (bullets) := dir
    end if
    drawfilloval (x div 1, y div 1, 10, 10, 12)
    drawfilloval (round (x + cosd (dir) * 10), round (y + sind (dir) * 10), 2, 2, 7)
    for i : 1 .. bullets
        bulletx (i) += cosd (bulletdir (i)) * speed * 2
        bullety (i) += sind (bulletdir (i)) * speed * 2
        drawfilloval (bulletx (i) div 1, bullety (i) div 1, 1, 1, 4)
        if bulletx (i) > 0 and bulletx (i) < maxx and bullety (i) > 0 and bullety (i) < maxy then
        else
            for k : i .. bullets
                bulletx (k) := bulletx (k - 1)
                bullety (k) := bullety (k - 1)
                bulletdir (k) := bulletdir (k - 1)
            end for
            bullets -= 1
        end if
    end for
    View.Update
end loop


The section
code:

            for k : i .. bullets
                bulletx (k) := bulletx (k - 1)
                bullety (k) := bullety (k - 1)
                bulletdir (k) := bulletdir (k - 1)
            end for
            bullets -= 1

Should delete the bullet that hits the wall. I get an array out of range error. How should I properly do this?
Author:  naoki [ Sun Jun 20, 2004 6:12 pm ]
Post subject: 
i haven't run your program, but it looks like your array is out of range because ... your array is out of range.

see your flexible array? it starts from 1 to a variable.
see your "for i" ? it also goes from 1 to something. good start.

but notice your "k" statements? you change values at "k" to values at "k - 1". if the first bullet happens to go off the screen and doesn't hit an enemy, then you're attempting to set bullet (1)'s values to bullet (0). since your flexible array doesn't have any values at (0), it messes up.

hope it helped
Author:  GlobeTrotter [ Sun Jun 20, 2004 10:06 pm ]
Post subject: 
code:

setscreen ("graphics;offscreenonly")
var x, y, dir, speed : real
var chars : array char of boolean
var bullets : int := 0
var size := 30
var bulletx, bullety, bulletdir : flexible array 1 .. bullets of real
const bulletdelay := 20
var temp := bulletdelay
var hit : boolean := false
var checkx, checky : real
x := maxx div 2
y := maxy div 2
dir := 0
speed := 1
loop
    cls
    delay (10)
    Input.KeyDown (chars)
    if chars (KEY_LEFT_ARROW) then
        dir += 1
    elsif chars (KEY_RIGHT_ARROW) then
        dir -= 1
    end if
    if chars (KEY_UP_ARROW) then
        checky := y + sind (dir) * speed
        checkx := x + cosd (dir) * speed
        if checky >= 10 + size and checky <= maxy - 10 - size then
            y := checky
        end if
        if checkx >= 10 + size and checkx <= maxx - 10 - size then
            x := checkx
        end if
    elsif chars (KEY_DOWN_ARROW) then
        checky := y - sind (dir) * speed
        checkx := x - cosd (dir) * speed
        if checky >= 10 + size and checky <= maxy - 10 - size then
            y := checky
        end if
        if checkx >= 10 + size and checkx <= maxx - 10 - size then
            x := checkx
        end if
    elsif chars ('0') then
        checky := y + sind (dir - 90) * speed
        checkx := x + cosd (dir - 90) * speed
        if checky >= 10 + size and checky <= maxy - 10 - size then
            y := checky
        end if
        if checkx >= 10 + size and checkx <= maxx - 10 - size then
            x := checkx
        end if
    elsif chars (KEY_CTRL) then
        checky := y + sind (dir + 90) * speed
        checkx := x + cosd (dir + 90) * speed
        if checky >= 10 + size and checky <= maxy - 10 - size then
            y := checky
        end if
        if checkx >= 10 + size and checkx <= maxx - 10 - size then
            x := checkx
        end if
    end if
    if chars ('a') then
        size -= 1
    elsif chars ('d') then
        size += 1
    end if

    temp += 1
    if chars (KEY_ENTER) and temp >= bulletdelay then
        temp := 0
        bullets += 1
        new bulletx, bullets
        new bullety, bullets
        new bulletdir, bullets
        bulletx (bullets) := x + cosd (dir) * size
        bullety (bullets) := y + sind (dir) * size
        bulletdir (bullets) := dir
    end if
    %drawoval (x div 1, y div 1, size, size, 7)
    drawline (round (x + cosd (dir) * size), round (y + sind (dir) * size), round (x + cosd (dir) * (size / 2)), round (y + sind (dir) * (size / 2)), 7)
    drawfill (x div 1, y div 1, 2, 7)
    drawfilloval (round (x + cosd (dir) * (size / 2)), round (y + sind (dir) * (size / 2)), size div 5, size div 5, 7)
    drawfilloval (round (x + cosd (dir) * (size / 2)), round (y + sind (dir) * (size / 2)), size div 10, size div 10, 0)
    drawfilloval (round (x + cosd (dir) * (size / 2)), round (y + sind (dir) * (size / 2)), size div 40, size div 40, 7)

    drawfilloval (round (x + cosd (dir - size) * size), round (y + sind (dir - size) * size), 2, 2, 7)
    drawfilloval (round (x + cosd (dir + size) * size), round (y + sind (dir + size) * size), 2, 2, 7)
    drawfilloval (round (x - cosd (dir - size) * size), round (y - sind (dir - size) * size), 2, 2, 7)
    drawfilloval (round (x - cosd (dir + size) * size), round (y - sind (dir + size) * size), 2, 2, 7)

    drawline (round (x + cosd (dir - size) * size), round (y + sind (dir - size) * size), round (x + cosd (dir + size) * size), round (y + sind (dir + size) * size), 7)
    drawline (round (x - cosd (dir - size) * size), round (y - sind (dir - size) * size), round (x - cosd (dir + size) * size), round (y - sind (dir + size) * size), 7)
    drawline (round (x - cosd (dir - size) * size), round (y - sind (dir - size) * size), round (x + cosd (dir + size) * size), round (y + sind (dir + size) * size), 7)
    drawline (round (x + cosd (dir - size) * size), round (y + sind (dir - size) * size), round (x - cosd (dir + size) * size), round (y - sind (dir + size) * size), 7)



    drawbox (10, 10, maxx - 10, maxy - 10, 7)

    for i : 1 .. bullets
        bulletx (i) += cosd (bulletdir (i)) * speed * 2
        bullety (i) += sind (bulletdir (i)) * speed * 2
        drawfilloval (bulletx (i) div 1, bullety (i) div 1, 1, 1, 4)
        if bulletx (i) > 20 and bulletx (i) < maxx - 20 and bullety (i) > 20 and bullety (i) < maxy - 20 then
        else
            for k : i .. bullets - 1
                bulletx (k) := bulletx (k + 1)
                bullety (k) := bullety (k + 1)
                bulletdir (k) := bulletdir (k + 1)
            end for
            bullets -= 1
        end if
    end for
    View.Update
end loop


Okay I managed to fix that, but I've got another problem. Why doesn't my drawfill command work properly? Why doesn't it fill in the tank? For some reason, it fills in the whole area.
Author:  Tony [ Mon Jun 21, 2004 12:10 am ]
Post subject: 
could it by any chance have something to do with you commenting out the circle to be filled Confused
Author:  this_guy [ Mon Jun 21, 2004 9:27 am ]
Post subject: 
wow....great code....
couple things...
sometimes the bullets travel slower than the tank, and also the game's really slow on my comp.
Author:  GlobeTrotter [ Mon Jun 21, 2004 2:43 pm ]
Post subject: 
tony wrote:
could it by any chance have something to do with you commenting out the circle to be filled Confused


No it doesn't. That circle is for testing purposes only. I want a filled in rectangle. Turing's drawfillbox does not allow you to rotate it. If I uncomment that circle, I get a filled in circle. I'm not sure why turing does not fill in the rectange only.

code:

drawline (50, 0, 100, 50, 7)
drawline (100, 50, 50, 100, 7)
drawline (50, 100, 0, 50, 7)
drawline (0, 50, 50, 0, 7)
drawfill (50, 50, 2, 7)


This is basically what I want to happen. I want a filled in rectangle, and I know it should work since it works in this example. I don't know why it doesnt work in my other example.
Author:  Cervantes [ Mon Jun 21, 2004 3:02 pm ]
Post subject: 
tony.. you should have gotten this one. you too globe. Eh

ignoring all the code for bullets and movement and such and looking purely at the graphics code:
code:

loop
  cls
  drawfill
  drawtank
  drawboarder
  View.Update
end loop

move drawfill after all the other drawing stuff. Wink
Author:  GlobeTrotter [ Mon Jun 21, 2004 3:27 pm ]
Post subject: 
oops, that was stupid. Thanks.

I've got another question now. How can I make it so that when I hold down enter my game doesn't freeze. I understand why it freezes in my next example, I simply can't think of another way to accomplish the same task.

code:
setscreen ("graphics;offscreenonly")
var x, y, dir, speed : real
var chars : array char of boolean
var bullets : int := 0
var size := 30
var bulletx, bullety, bulletdir, bulletvz, bulletz : flexible array 1 .. bullets of real
var explosions : int := 0
var explodex, explodey, explodetime : flexible array 1 .. explosions of real
const bulletdelay := 20
var temp := bulletdelay
var temp1 := 0
var hit : boolean := false
var checkx, checky : real
x := maxx div 2
y := maxy div 2
var grav : real := 0.1
dir := 0
speed := 1
loop
    cls
    delay (1)
    Input.KeyDown (chars)
    if chars (KEY_LEFT_ARROW) then
        dir += 1
    elsif chars (KEY_RIGHT_ARROW) then
        dir -= 1
    end if
    if chars (KEY_UP_ARROW) then
        checky := y + sind (dir) * speed
        checkx := x + cosd (dir) * speed
        if checky >= 10 + size and checky <= maxy - 10 - size then
            y := checky
        end if
        if checkx >= 10 + size and checkx <= maxx - 10 - size then
            x := checkx
        end if
    elsif chars (KEY_DOWN_ARROW) then
        checky := y - sind (dir) * speed
        checkx := x - cosd (dir) * speed
        if checky >= 10 + size and checky <= maxy - 10 - size then
            y := checky
        end if
        if checkx >= 10 + size and checkx <= maxx - 10 - size then
            x := checkx
        end if
    elsif chars ('0') then
        checky := y + sind (dir - 90) * speed
        checkx := x + cosd (dir - 90) * speed
        if checky >= 10 + size and checky <= maxy - 10 - size then
            y := checky
        end if
        if checkx >= 10 + size and checkx <= maxx - 10 - size then
            x := checkx
        end if
    elsif chars (KEY_CTRL) then
        checky := y + sind (dir + 90) * speed
        checkx := x + cosd (dir + 90) * speed
        if checky >= 10 + size and checky <= maxy - 10 - size then
            y := checky
        end if
        if checkx >= 10 + size and checkx <= maxx - 10 - size then
            x := checkx
        end if
    end if
    if chars ('a') then
        size -= 1
    elsif chars ('d') then
        size += 1
    end if

    temp += 1
    if chars (KEY_ENTER) and temp >= bulletdelay then
        loop
            Input.KeyDown (chars)
            if temp1 <= 300 then
                delay (2)
                temp1 += 1
            end if
            exit when ~chars (KEY_ENTER)
        end loop
        temp := 0
        bullets += 1
        new bulletx, bullets
        new bullety, bullets
        new bulletdir, bullets
        new bulletvz, bullets
        new bulletz, bullets
        bulletx (bullets) := x + cosd (dir) * size
        bullety (bullets) := y + sind (dir) * size
        bulletdir (bullets) := dir
        bulletz (bullets) := 50
        bulletvz (bullets) := temp1 / 50
        temp1 := 0
    end if
    %drawoval (x div 1, y div 1, size, size, 7)
    drawline (round (x + cosd (dir) * size), round (y + sind (dir) * size), round (x + cosd (dir) * (size / 2)), round (y + sind (dir) * (size / 2)), 7)
    drawfilloval (round (x + cosd (dir) * (size / 2)), round (y + sind (dir) * (size / 2)), size div 5, size div 5, 7)
    drawfilloval (round (x + cosd (dir) * (size / 2)), round (y + sind (dir) * (size / 2)), size div 10, size div 10, 0)
    drawfilloval (round (x + cosd (dir) * (size / 2)), round (y + sind (dir) * (size / 2)), size div 40, size div 40, 7)

    drawfilloval (round (x + cosd (dir - size) * size), round (y + sind (dir - size) * size), 2, 2, 7)
    drawfilloval (round (x + cosd (dir + size) * size), round (y + sind (dir + size) * size), 2, 2, 7)
    drawfilloval (round (x - cosd (dir - size) * size), round (y - sind (dir - size) * size), 2, 2, 7)
    drawfilloval (round (x - cosd (dir + size) * size), round (y - sind (dir + size) * size), 2, 2, 7)

    drawline (round (x + cosd (dir - size) * size), round (y + sind (dir - size) * size), round (x + cosd (dir + size) * size), round (y + sind (dir + size) * size), 7)
    drawline (round (x - cosd (dir - size) * size), round (y - sind (dir - size) * size), round (x - cosd (dir + size) * size), round (y - sind (dir + size) * size), 7)
    drawline (round (x - cosd (dir - size) * size), round (y - sind (dir - size) * size), round (x + cosd (dir + size) * size), round (y + sind (dir + size) * size), 7)
    drawline (round (x + cosd (dir - size) * size), round (y + sind (dir - size) * size), round (x - cosd (dir + size) * size), round (y - sind (dir + size) * size), 7)
    drawfill (x div 1, y div 1, 2, 7)


    drawbox (10, 10, maxx - 10, maxy - 10, 7)

    for i : 1 .. bullets
        bulletx (i) += cosd (bulletdir (i)) * speed * 2
        bullety (i) += sind (bulletdir (i)) * speed * 2
        bulletz (i) += bulletvz (i)
        bulletvz (i) -= grav
        drawfilloval (bulletx (i) div 1, bullety (i) div 1, bulletz (i) div 50, bulletz (i) div 50, RGB.AddColor (1 - bulletz (i) / 300, 1 - bulletz (i) / 300, 1 -
            bulletz (i) / 300))
        if bulletx (i) > 20 and bulletx (i) < maxx - 20 and bullety (i) > 20 and bullety (i) < maxy - 20 and bulletz (i) >= 49 then
        else
            explosions += 1
            new explodex, explosions
            new explodey, explosions
            new explodetime, explosions

            explodex (explosions) := bulletx (i)
            explodey (explosions) := bullety (i)
            explodetime (explosions) := 30
            for k : i .. bullets - 1
                bulletx (k) := bulletx (k + 1)
                bullety (k) := bullety (k + 1)
                bulletdir (k) := bulletdir (k + 1)
                bulletz (k) := bulletz (k + 1)
                bulletvz (k) := bulletvz (k + 1)
            end for
            bullets -= 1
        end if
    end for
    for i : 1 .. explosions
        explodetime (i) -= 1
        drawfilloval (explodex (i) div 1, explodey (i) div 1, explodetime (i) div 4 + 7, explodetime (i) div 4 + 7, RGB.AddColor (explodetime (i) / 15, explodetime (i) / 15, 0))
        if explodetime (i) <= 0 then
            for k : i .. explosions - 1
                explodex (k) := explodex (k + 1)
                explodey (k) := explodey (k + 1)
                explodetime (k) := explodetime (k + 1)
            end for
            explosions -= 1
        end if
    end for
    View.Update
end loop

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